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Stagflation Fears Creep Back as Growth Slows and Inflation Sticks

MarketDash
Stagflation surrounded by $100 bills
A double dose of disappointing economic data—slower growth and persistent inflation—has markets on edge, with oil prices and corporate earnings adding to the mix.

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So, here's the thing about the economy: sometimes it gives you two pieces of news, and they're both kind of bad in different ways. That's what happened Friday, leaving Wall Street to sort through a messy picture of slowing growth and stubborn inflation.

The Bureau of Economic Analysis delivered the first punch, revising its estimate for fourth-quarter 2025 GDP growth sharply lower. The new number is a 0.7% annualized rate, which is a full 0.7 percentage points below the initial "advance" estimate. That's not a rounding error; it's a meaningful downgrade suggesting the economy's momentum at the end of last year was weaker than we thought.

Then came the second punch: the Fed's favorite inflation gauge, the Core Personal Consumption Expenditure (PCE) price index. For January, it showed prices rising 3.1% compared to a year ago. That's up from 3% the previous month and, more importantly, it's a further departure from the central bank's 2% comfort zone. Put these two data points together—weakening growth alongside persistent inflation—and you get a word that makes investors nervous: stagflation.

Adding fuel to that particular fire, a University of Michigan survey indicated that consumer expectations for future inflation have been rising since tensions flared between the U.S. and Iran. It seems the geopolitical drama isn't just a headline risk; it's influencing how people think about their wallets.

Speaking of that drama, the oil market is where it gets real. The U.S. temporarily eased sanctions on Russian crude in an attempt to boost global supply, but ongoing Iran-U.S. tensions continue to threaten energy flows through the critical Persian Gulf. The result? Prices stayed high. West Texas Intermediate crude held near $95 a barrel, while its global counterpart, Brent crude, was back above the psychological $100 mark.

Faced with this economic tug-of-war, U.S. stock markets couldn't pick a clear direction. By midday in New York, the major indexes were a mixed bag. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DIA) managed a 0.3% gain to 46,820. The broader S&P 500 (VOO) and the tech-heavy Nasdaq 100 (QQQ) were essentially flat at 6,670 and 24,530, respectively. The small-cap Russell 2000 (IWM) edged down 0.1% to 2,490.

Digging into the sectors, it was a classic "risk-off" kind of day, with defensive and interest-rate-sensitive names leading. The Utilities Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLU) was the top performer, up 1.2%. The Financial Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLF) gained 0.8%, and the Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLP) added 0.7%. On the flip side, the more cyclical Materials Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLB) lagged, falling 0.2%.

In the bond market, yields were steady, with the 10-year U.S. Treasury holding at 4.26%. The dollar gained strength, pushing the euro down 0.5% and the British pound down 0.7%. In a notable divergence from traditional markets, Bitcoin (BTC) climbed 3.2% to $72,405, showing that crypto can sometimes dance to its own tune.

Friday's Performance In Major U.S. Indices

Major IndicesPrice% Change
Nasdaq 10024,535.910.0%
S&P 5006,674.450.0%
Dow Jones46,818.08+0.3%
Russell 20002,487.39-0.1%

Updated by 11:27 a.m. ET

Earnings Movers: The Good, The Bad, and The 'Yes, But...'

Earnings season always adds another layer of chaos, and Friday was no exception. Sometimes a company can beat expectations and still see its stock tank, which is exactly what happened to Ulta Beauty Inc. (ULTA). The beauty retailer posted fourth-quarter earnings of $8.01 per share, blowing past the $7.15 estimate, and revenue of $3.9 billion also topped forecasts. So why did shares plunge 11.3%? The culprit was guidance. Ulta cut its long-term sales growth outlook for fiscal 2027, citing a consumer pullback in discretionary beauty spending. It's a classic case of the future spoiling a good present.

Then there's Adobe Inc. (ADBE). The software giant reported record first-quarter revenue of $6.4 billion and earnings of $6.06 per share, beating consensus. Yet, the stock fell 6.4%. Why? Two reasons: conservative guidance for the current quarter and the surprise announcement that longtime CEO Shantanu Narayen will be stepping down. Markets hate uncertainty, and a leadership change at a tech giant certainly qualifies.

On the more positive side, Lennar Corporation (LEN) showed that a miss isn't always a disaster. The homebuilder missed on both first-quarter earnings (88 cents vs. 96 cents expected) and revenue ($6.61 billion vs. $6.88 billion expected). Despite the double miss, the stock rose 2%. The key was management's commentary, which highlighted ongoing production and operating improvements, giving investors hope that the worst might be behind them.

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Weekly insights + SMS (optional)

Russell 1000's Top 5 Gainers And Losers On Friday

Biggest Gainers:

Stock Name% Change
Summit Therapeutics Inc. (SMMT)+6.80%
International Paper Company (IP)+6.08%
Fermi Inc. (FRMI)+5.62%
Wingstop Inc. (WING)+5.46%
Ares Management Corporation (ARES)+5.31%

Biggest Losers:

Stock Name% Change
Ulta Beauty, Inc. (ULTA)-11.30%
AngloGold Ashanti plc (AU)-7.67%
Credit Acceptance Corporation (CACC)-6.65%
Adobe Inc. (ADBE)-6.39%
Hexcel Corporation (HXL)-6.30%

So, where does this leave us? In a bit of a holding pattern. The market is trying to price in an economy that might be cooling faster than expected, while inflation refuses to go quietly into the night. Throw in volatile oil prices and a mixed bag of corporate results, and you have a recipe for cautious, sideways trading. It's not panic, but it's definitely not euphoria either. It's the sound of investors recalculating.

Stagflation Fears Creep Back as Growth Slows and Inflation Sticks

MarketDash
Stagflation surrounded by $100 bills
A double dose of disappointing economic data—slower growth and persistent inflation—has markets on edge, with oil prices and corporate earnings adding to the mix.

Get Market Alerts

Weekly insights + SMS alerts

So, here's the thing about the economy: sometimes it gives you two pieces of news, and they're both kind of bad in different ways. That's what happened Friday, leaving Wall Street to sort through a messy picture of slowing growth and stubborn inflation.

The Bureau of Economic Analysis delivered the first punch, revising its estimate for fourth-quarter 2025 GDP growth sharply lower. The new number is a 0.7% annualized rate, which is a full 0.7 percentage points below the initial "advance" estimate. That's not a rounding error; it's a meaningful downgrade suggesting the economy's momentum at the end of last year was weaker than we thought.

Then came the second punch: the Fed's favorite inflation gauge, the Core Personal Consumption Expenditure (PCE) price index. For January, it showed prices rising 3.1% compared to a year ago. That's up from 3% the previous month and, more importantly, it's a further departure from the central bank's 2% comfort zone. Put these two data points together—weakening growth alongside persistent inflation—and you get a word that makes investors nervous: stagflation.

Adding fuel to that particular fire, a University of Michigan survey indicated that consumer expectations for future inflation have been rising since tensions flared between the U.S. and Iran. It seems the geopolitical drama isn't just a headline risk; it's influencing how people think about their wallets.

Speaking of that drama, the oil market is where it gets real. The U.S. temporarily eased sanctions on Russian crude in an attempt to boost global supply, but ongoing Iran-U.S. tensions continue to threaten energy flows through the critical Persian Gulf. The result? Prices stayed high. West Texas Intermediate crude held near $95 a barrel, while its global counterpart, Brent crude, was back above the psychological $100 mark.

Faced with this economic tug-of-war, U.S. stock markets couldn't pick a clear direction. By midday in New York, the major indexes were a mixed bag. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DIA) managed a 0.3% gain to 46,820. The broader S&P 500 (VOO) and the tech-heavy Nasdaq 100 (QQQ) were essentially flat at 6,670 and 24,530, respectively. The small-cap Russell 2000 (IWM) edged down 0.1% to 2,490.

Digging into the sectors, it was a classic "risk-off" kind of day, with defensive and interest-rate-sensitive names leading. The Utilities Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLU) was the top performer, up 1.2%. The Financial Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLF) gained 0.8%, and the Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLP) added 0.7%. On the flip side, the more cyclical Materials Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLB) lagged, falling 0.2%.

In the bond market, yields were steady, with the 10-year U.S. Treasury holding at 4.26%. The dollar gained strength, pushing the euro down 0.5% and the British pound down 0.7%. In a notable divergence from traditional markets, Bitcoin (BTC) climbed 3.2% to $72,405, showing that crypto can sometimes dance to its own tune.

Friday's Performance In Major U.S. Indices

Major IndicesPrice% Change
Nasdaq 10024,535.910.0%
S&P 5006,674.450.0%
Dow Jones46,818.08+0.3%
Russell 20002,487.39-0.1%

Updated by 11:27 a.m. ET

Earnings Movers: The Good, The Bad, and The 'Yes, But...'

Earnings season always adds another layer of chaos, and Friday was no exception. Sometimes a company can beat expectations and still see its stock tank, which is exactly what happened to Ulta Beauty Inc. (ULTA). The beauty retailer posted fourth-quarter earnings of $8.01 per share, blowing past the $7.15 estimate, and revenue of $3.9 billion also topped forecasts. So why did shares plunge 11.3%? The culprit was guidance. Ulta cut its long-term sales growth outlook for fiscal 2027, citing a consumer pullback in discretionary beauty spending. It's a classic case of the future spoiling a good present.

Then there's Adobe Inc. (ADBE). The software giant reported record first-quarter revenue of $6.4 billion and earnings of $6.06 per share, beating consensus. Yet, the stock fell 6.4%. Why? Two reasons: conservative guidance for the current quarter and the surprise announcement that longtime CEO Shantanu Narayen will be stepping down. Markets hate uncertainty, and a leadership change at a tech giant certainly qualifies.

On the more positive side, Lennar Corporation (LEN) showed that a miss isn't always a disaster. The homebuilder missed on both first-quarter earnings (88 cents vs. 96 cents expected) and revenue ($6.61 billion vs. $6.88 billion expected). Despite the double miss, the stock rose 2%. The key was management's commentary, which highlighted ongoing production and operating improvements, giving investors hope that the worst might be behind them.

Get Market Alerts

Weekly insights + SMS (optional)

Russell 1000's Top 5 Gainers And Losers On Friday

Biggest Gainers:

Stock Name% Change
Summit Therapeutics Inc. (SMMT)+6.80%
International Paper Company (IP)+6.08%
Fermi Inc. (FRMI)+5.62%
Wingstop Inc. (WING)+5.46%
Ares Management Corporation (ARES)+5.31%

Biggest Losers:

Stock Name% Change
Ulta Beauty, Inc. (ULTA)-11.30%
AngloGold Ashanti plc (AU)-7.67%
Credit Acceptance Corporation (CACC)-6.65%
Adobe Inc. (ADBE)-6.39%
Hexcel Corporation (HXL)-6.30%

So, where does this leave us? In a bit of a holding pattern. The market is trying to price in an economy that might be cooling faster than expected, while inflation refuses to go quietly into the night. Throw in volatile oil prices and a mixed bag of corporate results, and you have a recipe for cautious, sideways trading. It's not panic, but it's definitely not euphoria either. It's the sound of investors recalculating.